Japanese Folklore and Legends

The contradictory culture of Japan – modern yet ancient, sombre yet cheerful – has been preserved over centuries in its folklore and legends. With their colourful history, Japanese legends carry immense significance to their society and many of the stories still influence the natives of Japan up to this day. In this article, we will explore some of the most treasured legends of Japan, and examine their modern-day relevance.

The Tale of Momotaro

Momotaro, or "Peach Boy," is by far one of the most beloved and well-known folktales in Japan. In the story, an elderly couple find a giant peach floating in the river. To their surprise, the peach contains a baby boy, who they decide to call Momotaro. Momotaro grows to be incredibly strong and sets off on a mission. He travels to an island inhabited by demons, who steal the possessions of their victims. With the help of some wise advice from a dog, a monkey, and a pheasant, Momotaro successfully defeats the demons and reclaims his people's belongings.
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The tale of Momotaro is still beloved in Japan, popularised in artwork, literature, and films. While the theme of good triumphing over evil may be a timeless classic, the tale of Momotaro has been found to have a deeper cultural significance. In Momotaro, we see the importance of loyalty, the power of friendship, and the strength that can be found in those who are brave and diligent. Furthermore, the tale speaks volumes to the importance Japan places on its community and the power of perseverance in the face of adversity.

The Tale of Issun-boshi

The tale of Issun-boshi is similar to that of Momotaro, in that it is also a story of good prevailing over evil. Unlike Momotaro however, this story is not set in a remote island and instead revolves around a young boy actually just one inch tall. His parents, despairing at their son's tiny size, unable to find the right clothes or even a proper bed for him, decide to cast him out of the house; with heartache, the father crafted a tiny boat for his son. Issun-boshi reveals himself to be a brave and ambitious boy, determined to make his mark in the world. After many adventures, Issun-boshi succeeds in his quest and returns to his parents, now grown to full size.

The underlying moral of Issun-boshi is perhaps even more poignant today than when it was originally written. It highlights the power of inner strength and courage in adversarial situations, as well as celebrating the fact that even a humble, unassuming person can have a significant impact; qualities that are still sought after by the Japanese people today.

The Legend of Tanabata

The Tale of Tanabata is a Japanese star festival, celebrated in summer. Tanabata's legends tells of two star-crossed lovers, the Cow Herder and Weaver Maiden, who are fated to lives on opposite sides of the Amanogawa (Milky Way) and are allowed to meet only once a year. As the myth goes, the lovers had been separated and forbidden to see each other as punishment for neglecting their duties. However, upon seeing their plight, the Emperor amended their punishment, allowing the lovers to unite annually on the 7th day of the 7th month.

The most popular celebration of Tanabata today is in which large strips of paper called "tanzaku" are inscribed with wishes and prayers, then hung on bamboo branches symbolising the Amanogawa. At the end of the event, the branches are thrown into the river to help both the Cow Herder and Weaver Maid cross the Milky Way and reunite.

To modern-day Japanese, the Tanabata legend embodies the idea of hope and endurance, as well as the importance of maintaining relationships. This has especially become important in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, which has made physical contact all the more valuable when it is available. As many people celebrate Tanabata during this time, it can be a reminder that even when separated, our bonds with others are an invaluable part of us.
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Conclusion

The tales of Momotaro, Issun-boshi, and Tanabata are just a few of the most beloved Japanese folktales, with each story speaking volumes on the importance that Japanese society places on community, perseverance and hope. Though these legends have been around for generations, today, they still offer some relevant lessons on how to live in challenging and uncertain times.